Lines a Major 3rd Apart, 2 per Octave, Compact Staff
These systems are like vertically compressed versions of those that have two lines, a major third apart (above). They require less vertical space by introducing a second notehead shape that fits more compactly between adjacent lines, while still keeping the centers of the noteheads evenly spaced on the vertical axis. These shapes (and in most cases hollow and solid noteheads) help to discriminate between adjacent pitches.